1. Kukonzekera kwa zopangira ufa.Njira zomwe zilipo mphero zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: njira zamakina ndi njira zamakina.

Njira yamakina imatha kugawidwa kukhala: kuphwanya makina ndi atomization;

Njira za physicochemical zimagawidwanso kukhala: njira ya electrochemical corrosion, njira yochepetsera, njira yamankhwala, njira yochepetsera-mankhwala, njira yoyika mpweya, njira yoyika madzi ndi electrolysis.Mwa iwo, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi njira yochepetsera, njira ya atomization ndi njira ya electrolysis.

2. Ufawu umapangidwa kukhala wophatikizika wa mawonekedwe ofunikira.Cholinga cha kupanga ndi kupanga chophatikizika cha mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake, ndikupangitsa kukhala ndi kachulukidwe ndi mphamvu.The akamaumba njira kwenikweni ogaŵikana kukakamiza akamaumba ndi pressureless akamaumba.Kuyika kwa compress kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga compression.

3. Sintering ya briquettes.Sintering ndi njira yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zitsulo.The chopangidwa yaying'ono ndi sintered kupeza chofunika chomaliza thupi ndi makina katundu.Sintering imagawidwa mu unit system sintering ndi multi-component system sintering.Kwa gawo lolimba la sintering la unit system ndi multi-component system, kutentha kwa sintering kumakhala kotsika kuposa kusungunuka kwazitsulo ndi alloy zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito;kwa madzi-gawo sintering dongosolo Mipikisano chigawo, kutentha sintering zambiri m'munsi kuposa kusungunuka chigawo refractory ndi apamwamba kuposa fusible chigawo chimodzi.Malo osungunuka.Kuphatikiza pa sintering wamba, palinso njira zapadera za sintering monga lotayirira sintering, kumiza njira, ndi otentha kukanikiza njira.

4. Kukonzekera kotsatira kwa mankhwala.The mankhwala pambuyo sintering akhoza kutenga njira zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zofunika zosiyanasiyana mankhwala.Monga kumaliza, kumiza mafuta, Machining, kutentha kutentha ndi electroplating.Kuphatikiza apo, m'zaka zaposachedwa, njira zina zatsopano monga kugubuduza ndi kupangira zida zagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonza zida zazitsulo za ufa pambuyo pa sintering, ndipo zapeza zotsatira zabwino.