Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala pamwamba pa ufa zitsulo mbali:
1. Sinthani kukana kuvala
2. Sinthani kukana dzimbiri
3. Kupititsa patsogolo kutopa

Njira zochizira pamwamba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo zazitsulo zaufa zitha kugawidwa m'magulu asanu awa:
1. Kuphimba: Phimbani pamwamba pa gawo lokonzedwa ndi wosanjikiza wa zipangizo zina popanda mankhwala
2. Pamwamba mankhwala mankhwala: mankhwala anachita pakati pa pamwamba pa kukonzedwa gawo ndi reactant kunja
3. Chithandizo cha kutentha kwa mankhwala: zinthu zina monga C ndi N zimafalikira pamwamba pa gawo lokonzedwa
4. Chithandizo cha kutentha kwapamwamba: kusintha kwa gawo kumapangidwa ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa cyclic, komwe kumasintha mawonekedwe a microstructure pamwamba pa gawo lokonzedwa.
5. Mechanical deformation njira: kupanga makina osinthika pamwamba pa gawo lokonzedwa, makamaka kuti apange kupsinjika kotsalira kotsalira, komanso kukulitsa kachulukidwe pamwamba.

Ⅰ.Kupaka
Electroplating ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazigawo zazitsulo za ufa, koma zimatha kuchitika pambuyo poti mbali zazitsulo za ufa zimapangidwira (monga kuviika mkuwa kapena kuviika sera kuti atseke mabowo) kuti asalowetse electrolyte.Pambuyo pa chithandizo cha electroplating, kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa zigawozo kumatha kusintha.Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino ndi galvanizing (kugwiritsanso ntchito chromate kuti ipitirire pambuyo kupaka utoto kuti mupeze malo akuda kapena ankhondo onyezimira) ndi plating ya faifi tambala.
Electroless nickel plating ndi wapamwamba kuposa electrolytic nickel plating muzinthu zina, monga kulamulira makulidwe a zokutira ndi plating bwino.
Njira "youma" yokutira zinc siyenera kuchitidwa ndipo siyenera kusindikizidwa.Amagawidwa mu ufa galvanizing ndi makina galvanizing.
Pamene anti-dzimbiri, anti-corrosion, maonekedwe okongola ndi kutsekemera kwamagetsi kumafunika, kujambula kungagwiritsidwe ntchito.Njirazi zitha kugawidwanso kukhala: zokutira pulasitiki, glazing, kupopera zitsulo.

Ⅱ.Pamwamba mankhwala mankhwala

Kuchiza ndi nthunzi ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri pazigawo zonse zopangira zitsulo za ufa.Chithandizo cha nthunzi ndichotenthetsera mbalizo mpaka 530-550°C mu nthunzi mumlengalenga kupanga maginito (Fe3O4) pamwamba wosanjikiza.Kupyolera mu makutidwe ndi okosijeni pamwamba pa matrix achitsulo, kukana kuvala ndi kukangana kumakhala bwino, ndipo mbalizo zimagonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri (zolimbikitsidwanso ndi kumizidwa kwamafuta) Wosanjikiza wa oxide ndi pafupifupi 0.001-0.005mm wandiweyani, wophimba kunja konseko. , ndipo imatha kufalikira pakati pa gawolo kudzera m'mabowo olumikizana.Kudzazidwa kwa pore iyi kumawonjezera kuuma kowonekera, potero Kupititsa patsogolo kukana kuvala ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale ndi digiri yapakatikati.

Cold phosphate mankhwala ndi momwe amachitira mumchere wosambitsa kuti apange phosphate zovuta pamwamba pa workpiece.Zinc phosphate imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zokutira ndi zokutira pulasitiki, ndipo manganese phosphate amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana.

The bluing imachitika poyika workpiece mu potassium chlorate kusamba pa 150 ° C ndi dzimbiri mankhwala.Pamwamba pa workpiece ali ndi mtundu wakuda wabuluu.Makulidwe a bluing wosanjikiza ndi pafupifupi 0.001mm.Pambuyo pa bluing, pamwamba pa zigawozo ndi zokongola ndipo zimakhala ndi ntchito yotsutsa dzimbiri.

Mitundu ya nitriding imagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni wonyowa ngati okosijeni.Pakuzizira kwa workpiece pambuyo pa sintering, wosanjikiza oxide amapangidwa mu kutentha osiyanasiyana 200-550 ° C.Mtundu wa oxide wopangidwa wosanjikiza umasintha ndi kutentha kwa processing.

Chithandizo cha anodized anti-corrosion chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu kuti ziwoneke bwino komanso zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri.

Chithandizo cha Passivation chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo zosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka kuti apange wosanjikiza woteteza oksidi pamwamba.Ma oxides awa amatha kupangidwa ndi kutenthetsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ndiko kuti, kuthira ndi nitric acid kapena sodium chlorate solution.Pofuna kuteteza yankho kuti lisamize, mankhwala Njirayi imafuna chithandizo cha sera chisanatseke.