Pali mitundu yambiri yamagiya omwe amapanga, kuphatikiza zida za dzuwa, zida zowongoka, zida ziwiri, zida zamkati, zida zakunja, ndi zida za bevel.
Kupanga zida zazitsulo za ufa ziyenera kutsimikizira kaye zidazo.Pali zambiri sing'anga mfundo za ufa metallurgy zipangizo.Monga Japan, United States ndi Germany akutsogola padziko lonse lapansi pa kafukufuku wa zitsulo za ufa, pakali pano pali zinthu zambiri za JIS, MPIF, ndi DIN zakuthupi.
Magiya nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zofunika zina kuti azitha kulimba, motero magwiridwe antchito azinthu zosankhidwa ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamalonda.Pakadali pano, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagiya ndi zida za Fe-Cu-C-Ci (zogwirizana ndi JIS SMF5030, SMF5040, ndi MPIF FN-0205, FN-0205-80HT standard) Zida za Fe-Cu-C ziliponso.
Kachulukidwe wa magiya ufa zitsulo, chifukwa magiya ntchito kufala, ndi zofunika apamwamba mphamvu magiya, kotero kachulukidwe mankhwala adzakhala ndi mkulu, ndi kukana dzino adzakhala bwino ndi mphamvu adzakhala apamwamba.
Kuuma kwa magiya a zitsulo zamafuta kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu, kachulukidwe kalasi komanso kukonzanso kwazinthuzo.Chifukwa chake mukagula magiya, mtundu wa kuuma uyenera kuwonetsedwa muzojambula.
Giya ikatenthedwa, kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ndi kukana kwa zida, njira zosinthira pambuyo pake nthawi zambiri zimawonjezeredwa kuti zigwire bwino ntchito.Nthawi zambiri pamakhala njira ziwiri zochizira:
1. Kuthira madzi pamwamba pa nthunzi.Nthunzi wamadzi umakhudzidwa ndi Fe pamwamba pa giya kupanga chinthu chowundana Fe₃O₄.Fe₃O₄ ili ndi kuuma kwapamwamba, komwe kungapangitse kukana kuvala komanso kuuma kwa giya.
2. Carburizing chithandizo
Zomwezo monga chithandizo cha carburizing cha magiya wamba, carbonitriding ndi quenching amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kukonza kuuma kwa magiya.